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Syntaxes

The Syntax of Ethereal is minimalistic. It's pretty easy to write a program.

Variables​

To set a variable, use the set keyword. All variable declarations must end with a semicolon.

set x = 1;
set y = "Hello, world!";
set z = [1, 2, 3];

To re-define a variable, use the anew keyword.

set x = 1;
anew x = 2;
caution

Do not use the anew keyword to initially set a variable to a value. Use the set keyword instead.

Functions​

All functions must be bound to a variable. To define a function, use the fun keyword.

Functions can be called with parameters.

set add = fun(x, y) {
    x + y
};

add(1, 2);
tip

The return keyword is optional. The function will return the last expression.

Conditionals​

Ethereal supports conditionals. To define a conditional, use the if keyword.

if (x > y) {
    x
} else {
    y
}
tip

else block is optional.

Loop​

Loops are supported. To define a loop, use the loop keyword. Use the break keyword to exit the loop. To continue the loop, use the continue keyword (optional)


set i = 0;

loop {
    if (i > 10) {
        break;
    }
    put(i);
    anew i = i + 1;
    // continue;
}

Type Checking​

Ethereal supports runtime type checking. To check types, use the typeof keyword.


set is_string = fun(x) {
    typeof(x) == "string"
};

is_string("Hello, world!") // true
is_string(1) // false

Modules and Imports​

To include a module, use the include keyword followed by the module filename, standard library name, or a URL.

include "./my_module";
include "std:math";
include "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Synthesized-Infinity/Ethereal/main/examples/math.etrl";

Etheral will import all functions from the module to the current scope.

Comments​

Ethereal supports single line comments. To comment a line, use the // symbol.

// This is a comment